Process Groups Back

  • a process is a series of actions directed toward a particular result.

1. Five processes

  • Initiating Processes: to initiate a project
    • developing a project charter(憲章) which includes key project information and stakeholder signatures(署名):
    • identifying stakeholders, and having the stakeholders registers:
    • starting a kick-off meeting(啟動會議), and the agenda is shown as follow:
  • Planning Processes: to plan how to complete the project
    • key ouputs:
      • a team contract(合同)
      • a projec scope statement
      • a Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)
      • a project schedule(Gantt Chart)
      • a list or prioritized risks
  • Executing Processes: to execute the plan
    • a milestone report can be helpful:
  • Monitoring and Controlling Processes: to monitor and control the whole processes
    • outputs:
      • performance reports
      • change requests
      • updates o various plans
  • Closing Processes: to close the project
    • outputs:
      • project files
      • lessons-learned(經驗教訓) reports
      • part of organizational process assets(資產)
  • Alpha project managers will spend more time on Planning.

2. Process Groups and Knowledge Area Mapping

3. Methodology

  • a methodology: to describe how things should be done
  • a standard: to describe what should be done
  • PRINCE2, Agile, RUP and Six Sigma provide different project management methodologies.
    • PRINCE2: defines 45 separate sub-processes and organizes these into 8 process groups as follows:
      • Starting up a project
      • Planning
      • Initiating a project
      • Directing a project
      • Controlling a project
      • Managing product delivery
      • Managing stage boundaries
      • Closing a project
    • Rational Unified Process(RUP):
      • Business Modelling
      • Requirements
      • Analysis & Design
      • Implementation
      • Test
      • Deployment

4. Business Case(商業論證)

  • a business case is to capture the reasoning for initiating a project or task. It should include information as follow:
    • Introduction/background
    • Business objective
    • Current situation and problem/opportunity statement
    • Critical assumptions and constraints
    • Analysis of options and recommendation
    • Preliminary(初步的) project requirements
    • Budget estimate and financial analysis
    • Schedule estimate
    • Potential risks
    • Exhibits

5. Scrume Documenting

  • roles:
    • Product Owner
    • ScrumMaster(PM)
    • Scrum Team or Develoment Team
  • artifacts
    • Product Backlog: a list of features prioritized by business value.
    • Sprint Backlog: the highest-priority items from the product backlog to be completed within a sprint.
    • Burndown Chart(竣工情況圖): a chart to show the work situation within in a sprint on a day-by-day basis.

6. Q&A

  • Which processes include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs?
    • Initiating
    • Executing
    • Planning
    • Monitoring and controlling

answer: Planning.

  • The project integration management knowledge area maps to the which process group through the activities of developing project charters?
    • initiating
    • executing
    • planning
    • monitoring and controlling

answer: initiating.

  • The project cost management knowledge area maps to the which process group through the activities of estimating costs and budget determination?
    • initiating
    • executing
    • planning
    • monitoring and controlling

answer: planning.

  • What is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members?
    • Agile Unified Process
    • Rational Unified Process
    • Dynamic Systems Development Method
    • Six Sigma

answer: RUP.

  • One of the main outputs of the initiation process is what?
    • creating the work breakdown structure
    • developing the project charter
    • selecting the project manager
    • identifying the project sponsor

answer: developing the project charter.

  • Which provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance?
    • scope statement
    • work breakdown structure
    • cost management plan
    • project charter

answer: WBS.

  • Which are an output of the executing process of project integration management.
    • Deliverables
    • Resource calendars
    • Issue logs
    • Enterprise environmental factor updates

answer: Deliverables.

  • Which of the following project parameters would be compatible with the use of the agile approach?
    • Projects with inexperienced and dispersed teams
    • Projects with clear-up front requirements
    • Projects that have a fairly rigid completion date
    • Projects that have more flexible scheduling

answer: Projects that have more flexible scheduling.

  • The improvement of the product and process in the Scrum method is discussed at the what?
    • sprint reflection meeting
    • kick-off meeting
    • sprint review meeting
    • daily Scrum meeting

answer: sprint reflection meeting.

  • A what is usually not necessary to the Scrum method.

answer: team contract.

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