Class and Style Bindings Back

As mentioned above, we can bind some data of a Vue instance to the DOM via v-bind:{attribute}, and actually it is quite useful for binding element's class list and inline styles at the same time. For this reason, Vue provides special enhancements when v-bind is used with class and style, where we can bind a JavaScript object or array.

1. Binding HTML Classes

1.1 Through an object

Like we bind an object to the class of an element through following snippet:

<div v-bind:class="{ active: isActive }"></div>

It means that the DOM will toggle class active according to the value of the data isActive. As for enhancements, Vue has allowed us to bind more than one class name through an object:

<div v-bind:class="{ active: isActive, 'f-dn': isHidden }"></div>

Certainly, the change of values of isActive or isHidden will also trigger changing of class names at the same time. It is a quite powerful feature of data bindings.

In addition, the bound object should not always be inline, and we can directly bind class to an defined object:

<div id="app" v-bind:class="classObject"></div>

const vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data: {
        classObject: {
            active: false,
            'f-dn': true,
        },
    },
});

And of course we can also bind to a computed variable:

const vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data: {
        isActive: false,
        isHidden: true,
    },
    computed: {
        classObject: function () {
            return {
                active: this.isActive,
                'f-dn': this.isHidden,
            };
        },
    },
});

1.2 Through an array

We can pass an array to the class to apply a list of classes:

<div id="app" v-bind:class="[activeClass, hiddenClass]"></div>

const vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data: {
        activeClass: 'active',
        hiddenClass: 'f-dn',
    },
});

And the example above will render:

<div id="app" class="active f-dn"></div>

Certainly, what if we need to render class name conditionally, and we can do it with expressions directly:

<div id="app" v-bind:class="[isActive ? activeClass : '', isHidden ? hiddenClass : '']"></div>

const vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data: {
        activeClass: 'active',
        hiddenClass: 'f-dn',
        isActive: false,
        isHidden: true,
    },
});

Uh, it is too redundant, and it is suggested using arrays only when we need to dynamically generate a class.

Vue has also provided us a mixed way to bind classes:

<div id="app" v-bind:class="[{ active: isActive }, hiddenClass]"></div>

It means that you can simplify conditional classes when using arrays to bind.

1.3. Components' Classes

When specifying classes for components, those classes will be added to the component's root element without any overwritten operations.

For example, if we declare a component like this:

Vue.component('custom-component', {
    template: '<p class="foo bar"></p>',
});

And use with specifying classes:

<custom-component class="baz boo"></custom-component>

And finally render like this:

<p class="foo bar baz boo"></p>

When specifying bound classes, it is quite familiar:

<custom-component v-bind:class="[activeClass]"></custom-component>

And finally render like this:

<p class="foo bar active"></p>

2. Binding Inline Styles

2.1 Through an object

When it comes to inline styles, passing an object for binding is quite similar with setting CSS sheets:

<div id="app" v-bind:style="{ color: '#a10000', fontSize: fontSize + 'px' }"></div>

const vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data: {
        fontSize: 20,
    },
});

For more cleaner code, it is advised passing objects directly.

2.2 Through an array

Arrays are mainly used for applying multiple style objects to the same element:

<div id="app" v-bind:style="[baseStyle, schemaStyle]"></div>

Since [email protected], we can also provide an array of multiple values to a style property like this, which is required for compatibility usages:

<div id="app" v-bind:style="{ display: ['-webkit-box', '-ms-flexbox', 'flex'] }"></div>

Class and Style Bindings